Winter Solstice

Winter Solstice

Happy new year my garden friends!  Winter Solstice has passed not that long ago and the days are growing longer.  Soon the earth will wake from its winter slumber and burst into Spring.  But until then, it’s time to dream and plan of the garden to come. Cheers to this new year!
Plants I Dig: Blooming Winter Plants

Plants I Dig: Blooming Winter Plants

So many people think that the garden goes dormant and nothing happens in the winter. That is so not true and if it is true in your garden it’s time to explore Winter Plants. Plants, like people, like different things.  Some don’t start their bloom cycle until everything else stops, fragrance drifts on the breeze tempting you to follow the scent to discover what is going on. Right now, there is the crazy scent of grape soda along my garden walk.  

Winter Plant Profiles:

The stunning Nerine Bowendii is happily blooming under the fremontodendron ’Ken Taylor’. It is in a dry bed that get lots of hot sun and has the reflected heat from the parking area and a walkway.  The strappy leaves aren’t very exciting and you kinda wonder what it is.  Then suddenly there is a blast of berry pink showing through the branches and a sweet berry fragrance in the air.  Several times I’ve walked by wondering what it was before I investigated.  I have Nerine undulata in a pot that I purchased online.  This goes into the greenhouse when the weather cools and it becomes wet. The tops of the Nerine bulbs should stay slightly out of the soil so they have a good baking in the summer.  Drainage is the most important thing for these bulbs. Read more about Nerines… Spring is Not The Only Fall Season: Fall Bulbs and  Fall Garden Super Star
Clematis cirrhosa var. purpurascens ‘Freckles’ is an evergreen winter blooming clematis.   I first saw this plant in Seattle, growing on a sheltered wall, about 10 years ago when my daughter lived there. It was so surprising and unknown to me.   It blooms all winter on previous year’s growth. The creamy bells are densely freckled in their interiors with dark red-purple. Evergreen in our climate but needs protection from drying winter winds. I purchased one for my old house on miller bay. It grows up a post onto the deck, and along the railing. It is large now but the stalks are not very heavy so it is ok for it to hang on the railing. Blooming so beautifully right now but is hard to find for sale. This is one of the many garden worthy plants that go out of favor so growers stop growing them. There are several varieties including ‘lemon bells’, and ‘wisley cream’. Hardy in zone 7 they need only occasional hard pruning and some clean out and growth directional pruning after flowering.

Mahonia Charity

Mahonia Soft Caress

Walking through the woodland with everything dormant and leaves on the ground, Mahonia Charity practically shouts out to be seen. The bright yellow flowers provide relief from the gray, brown and dark green in the garden just now. Mahonia ‘soft caress’ has lost most of it’s flowers and the fine foliage maintains throughout the rest of the winter. Mahonia Charity is just starting and although a much more structural plant the flowers are the same electric yellow that softens as it blooms out. A very important food for overwintering hummingbirds it bridges the gaps between blooming seasons. It is often still blooming in a warm early spring when the mason bees come out.
Have a walk in your winter garden. Take note of what is blooming out there. If there is nothing then you should start working on next year. Nursery stock is still high and mail order plants are ready to ship. Plan, plant, enjoy.
Traveling Plantswoman: Arles, France 2017

Traveling Plantswoman: Arles, France 2017

Here is a snippet of my travel journal from my trip to France this past October… Van Gogh Garden in France Still feels like summer in Arles, France. A lovely city by the Rhone River in the south of France. This city still celebrates its relationship with Vincent Van Gogh as he spent much of his later years at an asylum here, and living nearby. Outside his window at the asylum was a square surrounded by buildings and filled with flowers. Van Gogh painted the garden in 1889 and today it is a close replica of what it looked like then. It is thought he painted the garden from his window in the hospital.  He replicated its colors and flowers in beautiful light tones. Van Gogh made a drawing of the courtyard of the hospital in June 1889.  Van Gogh’s description and his painting of the garden allow for identification of its flowers, such as: blue bearded irises, forget-me-nots, oleander, pansies, primroses, and poppies. The original design of the courtyard as described by Van Gogh has been preserved. Radiating segments are surrounded by a “plante bande” are now filled with irises. A difference between the painting and the garden is that van Gogh increased the size of the central fish garden for better composition.[24] Adept at using color to convey mood, the shades of blue and gold in the painting seem to suggest melancholy. The yellow, orange, red and green in the painting are not vivid shades seen in other work from Arles.  Some art historians feel that his inclusion of people in the square meant that he felt comfort there, not isolation. The plain trees in the corners of the square are one of the most planted trees in France. Mostly planted along the roads leading to Paris the trees were said to have been planted to shade the soldiers of Napoleon as they marched.  The south of France is very warm. Olive trees, truffle oaks, and much of the produce in markets is grown here. The artist worked on landscapes and with nature much of his life. One of the amazing things about this square is the history here. The buildings, fountain, paving stones and trees were the same as when Vincent Van Gogh lived here. The small café around the corner is the same one as painted in ‘Café Terrace on the Place de Forum, Arles’, and it is painted in the same colors as when he painted it.  Obviously some of this is kept this way because it relates to his paintings and tourists will come to see it. Many public gardens in Arles were painted by VanGogh. The countryside was also a favorite subject. Some of his most famous works were inspired by the warm beautiful light and lush plants surrounding Arles. When I asked about other gardens in France I was told ‘The French are private about their gardens’.  The public gardens were not that interesting and much more weight is given to the historical value of the building there, the gardens were just a side interest. Stay tuned as I share more from my travel journal over the next few weeks.
Garden Gifts From The Ground And The Heart

Garden Gifts From The Ground And The Heart

Tis the season for giving, not getting. Right? More and more I’m spending time on the internet converting my list into charges on my credit card. As I think about the things I want to give, I think with purpose. Why not encourage someone to grow some food, get some exercise, get inspired, connect with nature, spend more time outside, connect with other people, and share their experience. Wow, that is all found in a garden! Crazy. Here’s my list of ‘good for you, good for everyone’ gifts.

Seed Savers Exchange

This gift can go both ways. Give a catalog, buy seeds or donate a tax-deductable gift to the preservation of seeds as a gift for the person who has everything. The amazing folks at Seed Savers are determined to save seeds for all of our futures. They preserve over 25,000 different kinds of seeds in their seed bank.  Becoming a member helps with this tremendously important task. LINK :  www.seedsaver.org

Garden Design Magazine

Give a gift subscription to this fabulous magazine. Supported by subscriptions and donations this magazine is not full of advertising. I remember cancelling a subscription to a home magazine because I counted the space dedicated to advertising versus content and the advertising had more space.   No such worries with this magazine. The only problem is whether to save it or give it away. I would never throw it away it is too good!

Northwest Flower and Garden Show Tickets

If you know someone who has never been to the show a pair of tickets would be a fabulous gift. They have so many things to see and to buy that even non-gardeners can enjoy the show. It is like a little bit of spring in the middle of winter, well worth the trip to Seattle.

The Vegetable Gardener’s Bible by Ed Smith

Starting a vegetable garden in easy steps. This is a great book for first time gardeners looking to grow a little of their own next year. Terms are explained, seed starting is made less daunting and humor is laced throughout. It is not about new methods, just simple explanations of tried and tested ways to grow a great garden. Include a few packets of your favorite seeds with notes about how you have grown them makes it personal!

Wooden handled Garden Tools

I love my favorite tools and most of them have wooden handles. These are far more sturdy and last longer than the ones with plastic handles. My all-around champion is the ‘claw’, its alias is the EZ Digger Korean Garden tool. This is the most useful tool in my bucket. Drop in a couple of pairs of insulated garden gloves by Otterback Fleece and you have a wonderful and useful gift.  The dual layer gloves from Otterback are coated with Nitril Palm coating for good grip.   They are available on line (of course) from Galeton.com.

Seed Bombs

These are so fun! Become a guerilla gardener! Seed Bombs are garden seeds put into clay and compost.  They are one of the best ways to get someone who is not a gardener involved in creating beauty without much effort.   These can be thrown into your own garden or along a disturbed edge of road, or vacant lots.  You can purchase specific bombs for pollinators or just to spread beauty around! Head on over to Terrain’s website at   www.shopterrain.com      But be careful though, you may accidentally click on something that you want. If you want to create your own, the Gardenista website has a tutorial as well as good tips for using them. https://www.gardenista.com/posts/diy-wildflower-seed-bombs/

Crafty fun for Kids

Terrain has a seed starting kit for ‘Fairy Tale’ gardening.  Jack’s magic beans kit includes a tin of seeds, directions too!    Include a ‘Jack and the Beanstalk’ book for a good Boy’s gift.

Planning a Healing Garden

Plan a garden for someone who needs help. There are lots of great books to help with planning a new space for a special person. Gardening Yoga and healing gardens are great ways to help people recover from illness or connect with nature on a more personal level. Plan for fragrance, herbs that can heal, or a quite space for contemplation. Commit to helping with the planting (even in a container) in the spring. Give plants, seeds, gloves, labels, etc, to communicate your vision.

[photo mindware]

RootVue Farm

Available from Mindware (www.mindware.orientaltrading.com) this see-through growing reservoir will inspire kids to understand how to grow easy to start seeds. A good tutorial book, growth chart to track progress and low maintenance design make a good gift for your favorite child.

[photo www.cabelas.com]

Propane Fire Pit

Lastly for the Man in your life. Maybe not the recliner in the back yard he is dreaming of but the propane fire pit is easy, fun, and even romantic. They don’t have to be a boy scout to get it going and clean up is just turning it off and walking away.   Available at local nurseries and home stores it may inspire him to create a patio to go with it. My favorite is the Outland Fire bowl at Cabela’s. It is beautiful, portable, and makes a great fire that looks like a real campfire.  www.cabelas.com or local store. So, now that your shopping is taken care of, get out the eggnog, start a fire, check the wrapping paper supply and get Christmassy! In my family, it is well known that Christmas music can be played in any month ending in ‘BER’ so it’s time to switch to my Holiday play list.
Dear Lazy Gardener, It’s Okay…

Dear Lazy Gardener, It’s Okay…

Blowing, raining, storm after storm. Finally, the ground is showing signs of recovering from this summer’s drought. The fall leaves have been spectacular this year. Beautiful colors because we had a good rain followed by cold temperatures. The garden beds are a mess at my house and the thought of raking and raking makes me anxious. However, there is a new train of thought about fall clean up that is making its way to main stream. Leaf litter left lying on the ground is actually very useful. I will have to admit that sometimes the last leaf hits the ground before the rake comes out and that can be the end of November for alder leaves. Last year the sodden rainy winter we had the raking had to wait for a few dry days. Pulling off large branches from trees and uncovering plants that were buried was done but general raking, cutting back and tidying were much delayed. Even so, I observed that the beds under the leaf litter were soft, mostly weed free and soil looked amazing. This is evidence of a new school of thought, Garden Messy for Wildlife.  Here are a few ideas for you…
plantswoman design lazy gardener leaf litter
  1. Leave things with seeds (many things in my garden) up and not cut back until the birds and beasties have had their fill. This could mean January in some areas. Grasses, perennials, annuals, and shrubby fruits should all be left to provide winter habitat and food for birds, and other animals.
  2. Leaf litter left undisturbed in many areas creates habitat for nesting mice, butterfly cocoons, caterpillars, ladybugs and many more beneficial insects. Snakes, although really yucky, are very useful in the garden and the leaf litter creates an insulating layer for their little dens. Some bees nest in the ground and the leaves provide cover for them too.
  3. Speaking of insulation. Leaf litter will protect soil from being washed away and will insulate plants that may need protection from an extreme winter weather, including cold winds.
  4. I have a big area of lawn grass that I let go to seed every year. Under the apple trees the grass can grow up to 3 feet high. Just before the weather gets so bad that the grass lays down I cut it down and leave it. The seeds go back into the ground or become food for overwintering birds, mice, voles, and other inhabitants of the grassy field. (yes I’m very careful, mow on highest setting, and go slow to give ample running away room for small animals living there) I mow it again in the spring when the weather becomes about 50 degrees and the first signs of new growth start to appear. This is the ultimate lazy method for sustainable pasture and mulching. With the added advantage of not mowing weekly as the former owner did.
  5. Separating the fallen branches and leaving them on site in a pile will also create habitat for overwintering animals. After the weather warms in the spring (about 50) and the inhabitants have moved on or hatched out you can remove whatever hasn’t composted.
There are three areas that I do clean up right away. The area under the large maple in the front yard has so many leaves that it will actually kill the lawn underneath it. I blow them into a hollow near the stream or mulch them and add them to the compost pile. I also clean up rose leaves and pull plants from the vegetable garden. Rose leaves can keep mold and mildew close to the rose plants which will transfer back on to the new leaves in the spring. The veg garden needs to be cleaned up so pests can’t stay in the beds ready to pounce in the spring. Snails and slugs would hang out in the rotting vegetation if left in the beds. I also continue to use slug control by the kale, broccoli and leafy greens throughout the year. We never get so cold that they die completely. Here is a link to “Garden Messy, Pledge to be a Lazy Gardener” It has a lot of great information about conserving habitat in the garden. You can even pledge to be the Lazy Gardener on the site. So have a seat, look outside and enjoy the lazy days in front of the fire.
Big Bold Begonias

Big Bold Begonias

One of my favorite plants are begonias. I say plants because there are many different types of begonias. There are a couple I can’t be bothered with (like fiberous bedding begonias) but for the rest of them… Bring them on. Starting in early summer and stretching into the first frost you can’t beat the luscious texture and color of the flowers. Carefree except for a random slug they continue to be stunning for months. There are several ways to collect begonias and also several ways to keep them over the winter to bloom again next year. Here are a few of my favorites…

Begonia ‘Sparks will fly’ and Begonia b.’Bonfire’ (boliviensis)

These are cultivars of begonia boliviensis. This was originally found in the Andes mountains of Bolivia (hence the name boliviensis) and used to hybridize many of the tuberous begonias we have today. The bright flower and contrast of red leaf and heavy veining on ‘Sparks will Fly’ leaves makes for a powerful combination. Mine stayed in a black metal pot on the walkway all summer with very little additional water. I occasionally watered the pot but it mostly received moisture from a sprinkler that was watering the rest of the beds nearby. I also love Begonia b. ‘Glowing Embers’ with a darker foliage and apricot flowers. Begonia b. ‘Bonfire’ glows in the shade with solid green leaves and bright red orange flowers held well above the foliage.

plantswoman design begonia sparks will fly
plantswoman design begonia sparks will fly 002

Begonia ‘Sparks will fly’

plantswoman design begonia bonfire

Begonia ‘Bonfire’

Overwintering

This begonia should be kept in a container for the winter. I remove them from the outdoor pot after a light frost and divide them back into grower’s pots. At this point you can either keep them in the greenhouse (heated) for the winter and enjoy the flower and foliage as a houseplant or help them into dormancy for the winter. If you want to keep them dormant you should start withholding water and cut them back. They may die back after the first frost naturally. You will see a little bit of a tuber in the soil. This little tuber should stay firm in a dark place in the garage or cool dry space with only occasional water to keep it from shriveling. It is important for it not to let it freeze and to bring it back into light in the spring to begin to grow again. Water it more frequently but not soaking while it begins to grow. When there are a couple of leaves you can add a little weak fertilizer to the water and it should start really producing leaves. Harden off in a protected area and move into good warm place with good sun.

Begonia ‘Sensation Apricot, ‘Sensation Red’, and ‘Illumination Orange’

Begonia x tuberhybrida. These are hanging tuberous begonias. Hanging baskets are way too hard for me to keep up on watering so I put these guys into tall containers and let them spill over the edges. They used to be a yearly purchase until I found out how easy they were to grow and overwinter. They have a hairy potato like tuber.
plantswoman design begonia 002
plantswoman design begonia 001

Overwintering

These are super simple too. Again, after the first frost is the time to dig them up. Note not the first freeze, the first frost. If you wait for them to freeze they will die. These will not overwinter in the ground in my zone 7 garden. Cut the tops back to about 1 inch above the tuber. Brush excess dirt off with your fingers and place on newspaper or shredded paper on a plant tray to dry out. Place them in a cool DRY place while they continue to go dormant. Don’t stack them and don’t let them touch. Check them every week and when they are very dry take off the dried stalk and brush soil off more vigorously. Make sure there is no soil in the hollow of the tuber. Store in a cool dry place until spring. At this point you can place them in a box with shredded newspaper left open or with air holes punched in it. Do not let this freeze either. The garage is the best place if it doesn’t freeze.

Begonia – ‘Non Stop Red’ Begonia ‘Mocca OrangeBegonia x tuberhybrida

These are amazing upright begonias. The ‘Mocca’ Series have amazing dark foliage that really offset the flowers. A true designer plant!

Overwintering:

The same as the hanging begonia sensation series above.
plantswoman design begonia
plantswoman design begonia

Begonia sutherlandii

A hardy denizen of Kwazulu-Natal in South Africa, this exotic-looking tuberous Begonia sends up jagged-edged bright green foliage beneath a lovely cascade of clear orange flowers supported by pale red stems. After seeing this plant in Thomas Hobbs’ gardening book, Shocking Beauty, I had to have it. I found it several years ago and it has lived happily in a container for all this time. They are small tubers that stay in the soil and are hardy to zone 6b. They look like their fussy cousins but are anything but. Usually the pot looks empty when it dies back throughout the winter, but comes back as soon as it starts to warm up. I keep it outside the greenhouse. This year I put a big clump into the ground under the apple tree. This developed nicely into a larger clump and proved untouched by creeping marauders like slugs and snails. No overwintering necessary except to move container to shelter from freezing winds. You can find some of these wonderful begonias at Digging Dog Nursery and Far Reaches Farms.
Protecting Your Vegetable Garden: Galvanized Fencing

Protecting Your Vegetable Garden: Galvanized Fencing

When Autumn comes along, it is hard for me to give up my vegetables. I especially miss the ability to go out and grab just a few leaves of something to make a salad or to add to an omelet.    Every year I reserve a small section of my veg garden for my fall crop of salad leaves.  Planted at the middle of September the small plants are coming along just fine.  During the summer, my local rabbits munched on some of my salad greens, a few peas, and tops of carrots.   Not liking to spread stinking spray or trap, I just let them have a few bites.  However, every leaf counts in the fall and I’m not willing to share with those fuzzy little beasties. Their munching makes a big dent in my fall harvest and they will have to be kept out.
plantswoman design vegetable garden protection
I have used pot trays to keep the leaves from being eaten until now but as the leaves get bigger they will need more room to grow.
plantswoman design vegetable garden protection, galvanized fencing panels,
One on the most useful things I’ve found for my veg garden are pieces of galvanized fencing.   Purchasing one big panel can provide several pieces that have multi-use functions.  The fencing can be cut with bolt cutters so a saw isn’t needed.  Cutting off the bottom cross sections (either one or two) make them self staking. For my small plot of winter salad greens, they can be used to keep out the munchers.   But because the rabbits are pretty small netting needs to be attached to the fencing to keep them from getting through the holes.   Using netting from the fruit trees is a great way to re-purpose and reuse.
The netting can be placed around 3 sides of the panel with the bottom tucked under the self-made stakes that are created from cutting the larger panel into smaller ones.   As the smaller panels are forced into the ground the mesh is caught and held tight.   Use garden twine to secure the top portion of the netting.  Since the rabbits don’t really jump, 2 – 3 feet is all that is needed to keep them out.  Cover the fourth panel in netting independently so it can be removed when you need to work inside the bed. For added weather protection grow cover can be spread over the top to increase heat and keep frost off, either attached or just laid on top depending on wind conditions.   It has been sunny and warm in the daytime and about 45 or so at night in my area. You can find seeds that are suitable to the conditions in your area at your local nursery.   Spinach, arugula, and leaf lettuce are good to start with.    Usually you want to start fall crops about 4 – 6 weeks before the first frost date in your area.

Six Ways To Use Galvanized Fencing In Your Garden:

  • Support for vines like squash to keep them off the ground.
  • Permanent fencing
  • Support for peas and beans.  They will climb up them easily.  They can also support bush beans from falling over.
  • Permanent espalier support
  • Temporary fencing to keep out animals (including chickens).
  • Walls for compost bins to help with air circulation.
Let me know if you have ever used galvanized fencing and what you did with it!  Comment below.
Traveling Plantswoman: France

Traveling Plantswoman: France

I’ve been touring France and Spain these last few weeks and let me tell you it has been phenomenal.  Here is a little taste of where I’ve been while I sort the rest of my photos to share with you in the weeks to come.

Van Gough Garden

Olive Farm and Harvest

Grignan

Mason Bee Harvest 2017

Mason Bee Harvest 2017

It is time once again to harvest the Mason Bees. One of my bee houses is full this year, the other one not so much. I’m wondering if birds helped themselves to the cocoons before they had a chance to hatch out. Last year I harvested about 100 bees. I gave some to my sister as her Christmas gift and put the rest back in the garden. The location near the vegetable garden was full of bees but the one by the apple tree was mostly empty. That is not to say there was no pollination.  My apple trees were amazing this year. Here are the things I observed this year. Mason Bees will live in the bee houses but also in the ground.   There is a sandy area by one of the vegetable beds that had many bees going in and out of all season long.  They had created their own little colony in the ground.   Remember these are Mason Bees so they don’t sting and aren’t aggressive. If you see yellow and black wasps these are not mason bees. Those would be not good to have in a ground nest as they do sting and are aggressive.
My first ever leaf cutter bees.  (Megachilidae) I found bees going in the ground by the fountain pulling bits of leaves in with them.   This was during July and August.  Mason bees are going dormant by then and leaf cutter bees take over.    You can purchase leaf cutter bees by mail order or in the nursery to help pollination continue throughout the year.
When I opened up my mason bee tubes I also found some little larvae in with them. They had pollen with them (the food for hatchlings). They are actually leaf cutter bees that have used the mason bee house for a home instead of making one out of leaves. I did not find these bees in the house last year and probably would have thought that they were not supposed to be there.

Cleaning the Cocoons:

Separate the tubes either by splitting the bamboo or unwrapping the paper tube.   Carefully pull the cocoons from the tube and put on paper towel.
Prepare a solution of water with bleach.   I use 1 tsp of bleach per 2 gallons of water.
Drop the cocoons in the water and swish around gently for several minutes.   The debris will drop to the bottom and cocoons will be mostly clean.    If there is a little pollen (yellow dust) on them I don’t worry about it. Rinse twice in clean water with about 5 minutes of washing time.
Spread on a paper towel to dry. Pack into a plastic tray with paper towel under the babies. Mist gently with water and poke some holes in the tray for air circulation. AS they rest in the refrigerator over the winter (or consistently cool 45 degrees) or shed outside. Mist them occasionally so they don’t dry out.
It is a privilege to share the word about bees that are so important for pollination.  Remember: Native bees are 100 times more effective at pollination than honey bees. This makes a big difference in the production of the food we all eat. Be sure to catch up on our Mason Bee journey by clicking on the blog posts below.
Harvesting Mason Bees

Harvesting Mason Bees

Winter is just around the corner and it is time to harvest my Mason Bees. Not everybody does a harvest but for the best life expectancy constant winter temperature is important. First some help with the bee removal from my Granddaughter Kayla. We took apart the block...

Mason Bees

Mason Bees

Back in February we wrote about Mason Bees and the tremendous job they do pollinating the garden. With our warm weather starting early this year I purchased my kit from my local nursery, Valley Nursery, two weeks ago. The guidelines say to wait until it is 53 degrees...

Mason Bee Time

Mason Bee Time

We have had some beautiful spring days..... Oh, wait a minute, it isn't spring, it's only February.  I've been busy pruning my apple trees (severely) and watching the buds swell.  The rest of the nation is covered in white and we are having 60 degrees and sun.  No...